Battery-powered smoke detectors typically have a lifespan of between 8 and 10 years. It is recommended to replace the batteries every year, even if they haven’t started chirping yet, or when you change the clock to daylight saving time. If the detector uses a 10-year lithium battery, the entire unit should be replaced 10 years after the manufacturing date.
Here is a more detailed analysis done by Anka Security for you:

Traditional Battery Replacement:
In our experience, for smoke detectors that use standard batteries (such as 9V), the battery should be replaced at least once a year.
10-Year Lithium Battery:
If your smoke detector has a sealed 10-year lithium battery, replace the entire unit after 10 years.
Testing:
Anka Security believes that it is important to test smoke detectors monthly to ensure they are working properly, regardless of battery type.
Low Battery Chirping:
If your detector starts chirping, this is an indication that the battery needs to be replaced (or that the unit with a 10-year battery needs to be replaced).
Whole Unit Replacement:
Based on our experience and customer feedback, it is recommended to replace the entire smoke detector unit after 10 years, even if the battery is replaced, to ensure optimal performance and benefit from new technology.
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